Answer to Question 1
Object-oriented analysis and design refers to systems development methodologies and techniques based on objects rather than data or processes. The goal of OOAD is to make systems elements reusable. OOAD is often called the third approach to systems development, after the process oriented and data-oriented approaches. The object-oriented approach combines data and processes (called methods) into single entities called objects. Objects usually correspond to the real things an information system deals with, such as customers, suppliers, contracts, and rental agreements. Putting data and processes together in one place recognizes the fact that there are a limited number of operations for any given data structure, and the object-oriented approach makes sense even though typical systems development keeps data and processes independent of each other.
Answer to Question 2
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