Answer to Question 1
B
Consultation with the parents regarding the amount of information that they desire reflects a ser-vice orientation, in which preferences and needs of the consumer are placed first. The other an-swers reflect nurse-directed decisions in which the nurse decides what information and how much information is needed and how it is to be delivered.
Answer to Question 2
C
In 1980, the American Nurses Association identified two mechanisms that frame nursing au-tonomy, the legal regulation of nursing practice via state licensure and the professional regulation of nursing practice via ethical codes of practice.