Answer to Question 1
Ans: A
Conscious awareness of this risk and application of the principles of justice, both retributive and distributive; veracity; and fidelity will assist community health nurses to analyze the ethical principles at stake at any given decision-making point in their work with communities. Their actions, then, will reflect the best possible application of the principle of community as partner and will promote the optimal overall health of a community within its own culture.
Answer to Question 2
Ans: A
Beneficence is acting in the best interest of others. Autonomy, respect for people, and nonmaleficence are the principles most often threatened by the community health nurse's commitment to beneficence. Autonomy, the right to allow the other person to choose, is in direct conflict with beneficence. At times beneficence helps some but may cause potential harm to others (respect for people) if, for example, new industry brings jobs, but the effects of the new industry could cause harm to others, which is also contradictory to nonmalficence. Justice, the fair distribution of rights and resources, and which also involves reward and punishment, is not in direct conflict with beneficence. Fidelity, which is faithfulness, and veracity, which is the commitment to tell the truth, are also not in direct conflict with beneficence.
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Nurse using a stethoscope