Which of the following must be measured indirectly? (Select all ...

[SO00]

Which of the following must be measured indirectly? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Number of miles from San Francisco to Disneyland
  b. Level of consciousness
  c. Height
  d. Hope
  e. Liver function

Question 2

Interval scales of measurement (IQ tests, anxiety inventories, mental status exams) are products of man's invention how frequently?
 
  a. Never
  b. Sometimes
  c. Frequently
  d. Always

[brittanywood]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A, D, E
An abstract concept is not measured directly; instead, indicators or attributes of the concept are used to represent the abstraction. This is referred to as indirect measurement. In addition, hard-to-access physiologic and behavioral variables and huge quantities may be measured indirectly.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
In interval level of measurement, distances between intervals of the scale are numerically equal. Such measurements also follow the previously mentioned rules: mutually exclusive categories, exhaustive categories, and rank ordering. Interval scales are assumed to be a continuum of values. Thus, the researcher can identify the magnitude of the attribute much more precisely. However, it is not possible to provide the absolute amount of the attribute because of the absence of a zero point that really means zero on the interval scale. Interval scales are commonly used for surveys, scales, and inventories.