The nurse is reviewing the evolution of national health care ...

[kwoodring]

The nurse is reviewing the evolution of national health care systems in countries throughout Europe and the United States for a school project. In which century should the nurse emphasize that national health insurance in the United States
 
  The nurse is reviewing the evolution of national health care systems in countries throughout Europe and the United States for a school project. In which century should the nurse emphasize that national health insurance in the United States was first proposed?
  1. Late 20th century.
  2. Mid-20th century.
  3. Early 20th century.
  4. Mid-19th century.

Question 2

The population health nurse is reviewing the recommendations within the Report of the Massachusetts Sanitary Commission drafted by Lemuel Shattuck. What should the nurse identify as being the most important effect of this document?
 
  1. Establishing state boards of health.
  2. Establishing workhouses for the sick poor.
  3. Mobilizing social reform to sanitary engineering.
  4. Refuting that poverty was the result of deficiencies in moral character.

[bfulkerson77]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: 3
Explanation: 3. National health insurance was proposed as early as 1912 as an element of Theodore Roosevelt's 1912 election platform. Germany initiated a national health program in the 1860s, as did Great Britain, though the latter was unsuccessful. While efforts to address national health insurance in the United States had been proposed in the mid- and late 20th century, its earliest origin was at the turn of the century.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: 1
Explanation: 1. The Massachusetts Sanitary Commission was established in response to concern over the effects of crowded living conditions, poverty, and poor sanitation on health. In 1850, Lemuel Shattuck drafted the commission's findings. The Report of the Massachusetts Sanitary Commission included recommendations for establishing state and local health departments, systematic collection of vital statistics, and sanitation inspections, and for instituting programs for school health and control of mental illness, alcohol abuse, and tuberculosis. Other recommendations included public education regarding sanitation, control of nuisances, periodic physical examinations, supervision of the health of immigrants, and construction of model tenements. In addition, the report recommended improved education for nurses and the inclusion of content on preventive medicine and sanitation in medical school curricula. Until the late 19th century, it was held that poverty was the result of one's moral character. Workhouses for the poor had been in place since the late 18th century. Chadwick's Inquiry into the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population of Great Britain shifted the view from social reform to sanitary engineering.