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Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system destroys its own healthy tissues. When this occurs, white blood cells cannot distinguish between pathogens and normal cells.
The average older adult in the United States takes five prescription drugs per day. Half of these drugs contain a sedative. Alcohol should therefore be avoided by most senior citizens because of the dangerous interactions between alcohol and sedatives.
In 1885, the Lloyd Manufacturing Company of Albany, New York, promoted and sold "Cocaine Toothache Drops" at 15 cents per bottle! In 1914, the Harrison Narcotic Act brought the sale and distribution of this drug under federal control.
In ancient Rome, many of the richer people in the population had lead-induced gout. The reason for this is unclear. Lead poisoning has also been linked to madness.
Long-term mental and physical effects from substance abuse include: paranoia, psychosis, immune deficiencies, and organ damage.
![Bronfenbrenner’s model of the ecological-systems approach to studying development. He suggested that](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_6_31_05_15_8_20_41_219701596.jpeg)
![Piaget was one of the first to go beyond observable behavior in an attempt to determine how infants ...](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_637842_02_02_17_1_44_51_24589103.png)