Answer to Question 1
A
Answer to Question 2
An ideal response would be:
There are two kinds of party primaries. In a closed primary, only voters registered in a party may vote in that party's primary. Such a primary discourages crossover votingallowing voters from outside the party to help determine the party's nomineethat is why partisans prefer closed primaries. In an open primary, any voter can participate in any party's primary.