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More than nineteen million Americans carry the factor V gene that causes blood clots, pulmonary embolism, and heart disease.
Today, nearly 8 out of 10 pregnant women living with HIV (about 1.1 million), receive antiretrovirals.
To prove that stomach ulcers were caused by bacteria and not by stress, a researcher consumed an entire laboratory beaker full of bacterial culture. After this, he did indeed develop stomach ulcers, and won the Nobel Prize for his discovery.
Vampire bats have a natural anticoagulant in their saliva that permits continuous bleeding after they painlessly open a wound with their incisors. This capillary blood does not cause any significant blood loss to their victims.
About 100 new prescription or over-the-counter drugs come into the U.S. market every year.
![Examples of USP labels Source: Courtesy of Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation and Mallinckrodt Pha](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_46687_08_12_14_4_52_49_19512932.jpeg)
![Intradermal drug administration: (a) cross section of skin showing depth of needle insertion Source:](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_46687_08_12_14_4_59_34_19526512.jpeg)