A 73-year-old man comes into the emergency department (ED) by ambulance after slipping on a small carpet in his home. The patient fell on his hip with a resultant fracture. He is alert and oriented; PERRLA is intact.
His heart rate is elevated, he is anxious and thirsty, a Foley catheter is placed and 40 ml of urine is present. What is the nurse's most likely explanation for the urine output?
A) The man urinated prior to his arrival to the ED and will probably not need to have the Foley catheter kept in place.
B) The man has a brain injury, lacks antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and needs vasopressin.
C) The man is in heart failure and is releasing atrial natriuretic peptide that results in decreased urine output.
D) He is having a sympathetic reaction, which has stimulated the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system that results in diminished urine output.
Question 2
Which position is the most beneficial for a patient after surgery for creation of a tracheostomy?
a. Trendelenburg
b. Dorsal recumbent
c. Lithotomy
d. Mid-Fowler's
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