Answer to Question 1
D
Most reported cases of TB among older adults are from nursing homes. TB is not as contagious as formerly suggested, but drug-resistant forms exist and are a serious risk for older adults who are immunocompromised. A PPD test has a false-negative rate of approximately 30. When the result is positive, the patient receives a sputum culture and a chest x-ray examination. A positive sputum culture is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Although medications such as isoniazid (INH) were thought to have eliminated TB, the organism is still present in multidrug-resistant forms. Older adults who contracted TB before the 1940s may suffer reactivation of the bacte-rium.
Answer to Question 2
X' Acute angle-closure and open-angle glaucoma are caused when the balance between intraocular fluid production and drainage is disrupted, resulting in increased intraocular pressure.