Suppose that you examine the relationship between political ...

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Suppose that you examine the relationship between political participation and political interest while controlling for education level (high or low). Your findings were as follows. Among those with high education, the significance level is .010 and Kendalls tau = .54. Among those with low education, the significance level is .098 and Kendalls tau = .53. Which of the following best describes the effects of the control variable?
 
  A. The control variable has no effect.
  B. The control variable has a small effect, but the effect is not big enough to make any difference.
  C. The control variable has a substantial effect.
  D. Based just on this information, we cannot really determine whether the control variable has an effect on the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable.

Question 2

Suppose that your findings were as follows for the relationship between support for social welfare and income. Among whites, the significance level is .000 and Kendalls tau = .40. Among African Americans, the significance level is .073 and Kendalls tau = .034. Which of the following best describes the effects of the control variable?
 
  A. The control variable has no effect.
  B. The control variable has a small effect, but the effect is not big enough to make any difference.
  C. The control variable has a substantial effect.
  D. Based just on this information, we cannot really determine whether the control variable has an effect on the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable.

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Answer to Question 1

A.

Answer to Question 2

C.