Answer to Question 1
Coile and Miller (1984) considered published research to investigate the claims of opponents to animal research and found that the claims of exposure to intense pain, starvation, and mutilation were not valid and were essentially nonexistent in psychological research.
In addition, Coile and Miller pointed out that experimental animals have produced useful treatments for such maladies as cancer and AIDS, and have helped us understand some aspects of the development of depression.
Answer to Question 2
Some people argue from a practical standpoint, saying that we don't learn very much about people from studying animals, so keeping animals confined to laboratories reduces the quality of the animals' lives and doesn't produce useful research results.
Other people argue from a moral standpoint, maintaining that we don't have the right to keep animals captive or to treat them inhumanely.
Some organisms used as models in genetic research
1–12 Elements essential to animal life and health
The principle of faunal succession uses animal fossils to tell relative time.
Research Methods
Research Methods
Examples of animal reproduction.