Answer to Question 1
ANSWER: The atmosphere tends to become more stable as the air aloft warms or the surface air cools. If the air aloft is being replaced by warmer air (warm advection), and the surface air is not changing appreciably, the environmental lapse rate decreases and the air becomes stable. Similarly, if the surface air cools and the aloft air temperature remains relatively constant, the air becomes more stable.
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER: Atmospheric stability is a condition of equilibrium. Air is in stable equilibrium when, after being lifted or lowered, it tends to return to its original positionit resists upward and downward air motions. Air that is in unstable equilibrium will, when given a little push, move farther away from its original positionit favors vertical air currents. In addition, the atmosphere is stable when the environmental lapse rate is small; that is, when the difference in temperature between the surface air and the air aloft is relatively small. Stable atmospheres form when surface air cools or higher-altitude air warms, or both.
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