Answer to Question 1
C
Answer to Question 2
The constant outpouring of pollutants into the environment may influence the climate of a city. Certain particles reflect solar radiation, thereby reducing the sunlight that reaches the surface. Some particles serve as nuclei upon which water and ice form. Water vapor condenses onto these particles forming haze that reduces visibility. The added nuclei increase the frequency of city fog. Precipitation may be greater in cities than in the surrounding countryside due in part to the increased roughness of city terrain, brought on by large structures that cause surface air to slow and gradually converge. This piling-up of air over the city then slowly rises. At the same time, city heat warms the surface air, making it more unstable and enhancing rising air motions, which, in turn, aids in the formation of clouds and thunderstorms.