Answer to Question 1
There is a force due to gravity, acting down the gradient of the surface slope that is opposed by the Coriolis Effect. The net effect is a flow of water at approximately 90o to the slope. The result is a geostrophic current that flows approximately perpendicular to the slope of the sea surface around the gyre.
Answer to Question 2
The flow in the western part of the gyre is confined to a narrow path with a fast-flowing current (a western boundary current), which in the east is more diffuse, spread over a much larger area and with much-reduced current speeds (an eastern boundary current). Eastern boundary currents also tend to be divergent; the Ekman transport is away from the continent, thinning the surface layer along the coastline. The thinner surface layer and the divergent flow promote upwelling in these regions.
Past and current ranges of the grizzly bear.
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