Answer to Question 1
Answer: B
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Radiation is the most important process of heat transfer, which is a type of energy exchange in the environment. As energy from the Sun passes through the atmosphere, some wavelengths are absorbed, warming the atmosphere, while others pass through or are reflected, either to be absorbed elsewhere or to travel back into space. Clouds play a major role in reflecting energy back to space and in this way atmospheric moisture and weather processes can significantly affect the energy budget.
Different materials absorb heat at different levels. When this stored heat is released, an object cools. The ability of an object to store heat depends on what it is made of. These are referred to as greenhouse gases.
About half of the solar radiation that reaches Earth is absorbed by the surface and the rest is either absorbed in the atmosphere or reflected back to space. The gases in the atmosphere allow much of the incoming shortwave energy to pass through, but a few gasescalled greenhouse gasesabsorb outgoing longwave radiation. All of the energy absorbed from the Sunwhether it reached the surface or was absorbed or reflected in the atmosphereis eventually re-radiated back to space.
