How can the therapist recognize if a mechanically ventilated ...

[penguins]

How can the therapist recognize if a mechanically ventilated patient is experiencing pain? I. using visual analog scales II. reading the lips of the patient III. observing behavioral signs of pain IV. employing a numeric rating scale
 
  A. I, IV only
  B. II, III only
  C. III, IV only
  D. I, III, IV only

Question 2

Which of the following complications are associated with uncontrolled pain? I. increased myocardial O2 demand II. acute restrictive ventilatory defects III. hypercoagulability IV. ocular insensitivity
 
  A. I, IV only
  B. II, IV only
  C. I, II, III only
  D. I, II, III, IV

[SVictor]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
A. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
D. Correct response: The following means are available for recognizing patient pain: (1) visual analog scales, (2) numeric rating scales, and (3) observing behavioral sign of pain. Patients who are alert and cooperative can use either visual analog scales or numeric rating scales. Patients with altered level of consciousness require a different approach when recognizing pain. Observing behavioral signs of pain such as writhing, grimacing, posturing, and facial expressions is a beneficial method for this group of patients.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
A. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
C. Correct response: Complications that can arise from uncontrolled pain include (1) immune system dysfunction, (2) increased myocardial O2 demand, (3) acute restrictive ventilatory defects, (4) altered bowel motility, (5) hypercoagulability, and (6) persistent catabolism.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation C.

[penguins]

Correct answers!

[SVictor]

Great! Please up vote