Answer to Question 1
ANS: C
Flow rates up to 180 L/min are suggested for adult ICU ventilators. Expiratory pause is used to measure intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). The pressure control modes are essen-tial for the ventilation of patients with low lung compliance. Respiratory rates of between 1 and 6 breaths/min are essential.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: C
To minimize air trapping, or intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPI), the following steps may be taken: switch to pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (PC-CMV) with a short inspiratory time (TI), use a lower tidal volume (VT), maintain a clear airway, administer bronchodilators for bronchospasm, and increase inspiratory flow to lengthen expiratory time (TE).