The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as ...

[bobypop]

The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as which of the following?
 
  a. Transairway pressure (PTA)
  b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT)
  c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR)
  d. Transpulmonary pressure (PL)

Question 2

Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
 
  a. Red blood cells and body cells
  b. Scalenes and trapezius muscles
  c. Alveoli and pulmonary capillaries
  d. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
The definition of transpulmonary pressure (PL) is the pressure required to maintain alveolar infla-tion. Transairway pressure (PTA) is the pressure gradient required to produce airflow in the con-ducting tubes. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) is the pressure to inflate the lungs and airways during positive-pressure ventilation. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) represents the pressure required to expand or contract the lungs and the chest wall at the same time.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the al-veoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells. Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiration. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles are accesso-ry muscles of expiration.

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TYSM

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Excellent