Primary indications for using positive end expiratory pressure ...

[jayhills49]

Primary indications for using positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in conjunction with me-chanical ventilation include which of the following?
 
  1. When dynamic hyperinflation occurs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pa-tients.
  2. When the imposed work of breathing is excessive.
  3. When acute lung injury causes refractory hypoxemia.
  a. 1 and 2 only
  b. 1 and 3 only
  c. 2 and 3 only
  d. 1, 2, and 3

Question 2

All of the following factors would tend to increase mean airway pressure except:
 
  a. short inspiratory times.
  b. increased mandatory breaths.
  c. increased levels of positive inspiratory pressure (PIP).
  d. increased levels of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP).

[l.stuut]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
PEEP is used primarily to improve oxygenation in patients with refractory hypoxemia. PEEP may be indicated in the care of patients with COPD who have dynamic hyperinflation (auto-PEEP) during mechanical ventilatory support after other efforts to decrease auto-PEEP fail.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Mean airway pressure is decreased by decreasing inspiratory time, tidal volume, respiratory rate, PEEP, or PIP.