A nurse is explaining cognitive development in children to a ...

[cagreen833]

A nurse is explaining cognitive development in children to a client, with the help of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. What would be the best explanation by the nurse about the formal operations level of cognitive development?
 
  A) Up to age 2, children learn by touching, tasting, and feeling. They learn to control body movement.
  B) Children from ages 2 to 7 years investigate and explore the environment and look at things from their own point of view.
  C) From ages 7 to 11 years, children internalize actions and can perform them in the mind.
  D) After age 12, children can think in the abstract including complex problem solving.

Question 2

When discussing the growth and development of an adolescent, the nurse refers to various theories and phases of development. A nurse is discussing Erikson's theory of psychological development with an adolescent client.
 
  Based on this information, what is the best explanation of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development during the adolescence period? A) Cognitive development is cumulative; that is, what is learned is based on what has been known before.
  B) The adolescent thinks in the abstract and develops skills to participate in complex problem solving.
  C) The adolescent develops many skills during the teen ages, which help adolescents make educational and career choices.
  D) The adolescent faces many different decisions during the teen years concerning the future and the adult world.

[joshbk44]

Answer to Question 1

D
Feedback:
At the formal operations level after the age 12 children can think in the abstract. Complex problem solving is included in this category. The nurse should explain that there are four levels of cognitive development in Piaget's theory. The sensorimotor level is up to age 2 where children learn by touching, tasting, and feeling. They learn to control body movement. Preoperational level is children from ages 2 to 7 years who investigate and explore the environment and look at things from their own point of view. At the concrete operations level from ages 7 to 11 years, children internalize actions and can perform them in the mind.

Answer to Question 2

D
Feedback:
The adolescent develops many skills during the teen ages, which help adolescents make educational and career choices. The main point of Erikson's theory on which the nurse should focus is that the adolescent faces many different decisions during the teen years concerning the future and the adult world. Piaget states that cognitive development is cumulative; that is, what is learned is based on what has been known before. The adolescent thinks in the abstract and develops skills to participate in complex problem solving.