In which one of the following situations is a youngster attributing failure to a stable and uncontrollable factor?
a. Jason tells himself that he failed the last history test because the substitute teacher constructed a bad test. He expects to do better when his regular teacher returns from maternity leave.
b. Kami tells herself that she is getting low grades in math because, like her mom, she just isn't any good at math.
c. Lana thinks that she didn't make the school dance squad this year because she didn't practice enough. She vows to do better next time.
d. Marley believes she is having trouble in music because she has been absent the last two weeks. She knows she'll have to work extra hard to catch up to her class.
Question 2
Consider this moral dilemma: In France, a poor man named Jean Valjean could find no work. To support his family, he stole food and medicine that family members needed. He was captured and sentenced to prison for six years. After a couple of years, he escaped from prison and went to live in another part of the country under a new name. He saved money and slowly built up a big factory. He paid his workers high wages and used most of his profits to build a hospital for people who couldn't afford good medical care. Twenty years had passed when a tailor recognized Valjean as an escaped convict whom police had been looking for back in his hometown. Should the tailor report Valjean to the police? Why or why not?
a. Formulate an answer to these questions that illustrates Kohlberg's preconventional level of reasoning.
b. Formulate an answer to these questions that illustrates Kohlberg's conventional level of reasoning.
c. Formulate an answer to these questions that illustrates Kohlberg's postconventional level of reasoning.
What will be an ideal response?
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