. Given what you have learned about the strengths and weaknesses of various forms of classroom assessment, which one of the following is probably the most appropriate course of action for teachers to take?
a. Use assessment instruments with either high or low validity as long as they have high reliability.
b. Use assessment instruments with either high or low reliability as long as they have high validity.
c. Interpret assessment results within the context of other information that teachers have about students.
d. Engage in as little formal assessment as possible; teachers are better off making subjective judgments about students' achievement.
Question 2
When teachers feel strong pressure to increase their students' scores on particular standardized tests, they often focus instruction on knowledge and skills they know the test covers. In other words, they teach to the test.
Teaching to the test is typically in students' long-term best interests only if the test
a. Measures scholastic aptitude in particular subject domains rather than general intelligence
b. Includes both paper-pencil and performance items
c. Measures things that are important for students' ultimate success in the world
d. Is both reliable and practical
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