Answer to Question 1
The laws of inheritance are based on the predictable behavior of chromosomes and transmission of genes from parents to offspring. They are based on three factors: (1) Genetic characters are controlled by two alleles, which can take one of two forms on each of the homologous chromosomes; (2) when two different alleles are present, one will determine the phenotype observed for that traitthat allele is said to be dominant, the other recessive; and (3) during meiosis, one of the chromosomes from the parent will be passed on randomly to each of the gametes. Based on these three principles, the outcome of crosses can be predicted.
Answer to Question 2
A
