When subjects are selected because of the presence or absence of ...

[formula1]

When subjects are selected because of the presence or absence of a condition, rather than having a condition assigned to them, the experimenter is testing
 
  a. subject variables
  b. construct validity
  c. face validity
  d. confounding variables

Question 2

A researcher that is exploring gender differences is testing
 
  a. construct validity
  b. subject variables
  c. outliers
  d. confounding variables

[bd5255]

Answer to Question 1

a

Answer to Question 2

b

[formula1]

Excellent

[mcabuhat]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it