The nurse is helping the family of an adolescent to understand ...

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The nurse is helping the family of an adolescent to understand why their child has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. The nurse explains to the family that there are several theories of risk factors for schizophrenia.
 
  Which of the following factors will the nurse explain as a risk for the development of schizophrenia? 1. Smoking
   2. Brain structure abnormalities
   3. Allergy to certain foods
   4. Association with psychotic clients

Question 2

Which of the following client outcomes would indicate that interventions provided to a client in the manic phase of bipolar disorder has improved self-care activities?
 
  1. The client brushes own teeth every time when reminded.
   2. The client washes hands after using the toilet.
   3. The client completed morning bath and changed clothes.
   4. The client cleaned liquid spilled on floor but did not change clothes.

[jojobee318]

Answer to Question 1

2. Brain structure abnormalities

Rationale:
Studies have shown that a group of clients with schizophrenia differ in their brain structure from people who do not have the disease. MRI studies have shown that some with schizophrenia show changes in their frontotemporal cortical gray matter. Smoking, allergies to foods, and association with others have not been shown to cause schizophrenia.

Answer to Question 2

3. Client completed morning bath and changed clothes.

Rationale:
The client completing a morning bath and changing clothes are evidence that the interventions succeeded in improving the client's self-care activities. The client needing to be reminded to brush teeth would not be a successful outcome. The client washing hands after using the toilet may or may not be an improvement. The client cleaning spilled liquid on the floor but not changing clothes is not evidence of improvement in self-care activities.