Author Question: A patient with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm needs to have major surgery. The nurse explains ... (Read 65 times)

ahriuashd · **on:** Jul 22, 2018

A patient with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm needs to have major surgery. The nurse explains to the family that major surgery:

a. is an excision or removal of a diseased body part.
b. involves extensive surgery to reconstruct body parts.
c. is not necessary but may prevent additional problems.
d. is a surgical exploration that allows the physician or health care provider to confirm a diagnosis.

Question 2

A patient has been admitted to the pulmonary unit of the hospital with right lower lobe pneumonia and history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

During the initial assessment the nurse notes that the patient has a respiration rate of 18 with retractions, tachycardia, and complains of dyspnea and dizziness. The nurse identifies that these are clinical signs of which condition? a. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
b. Orthopnea
c. Hemoptysis
d. Hypoxia

dreamfighter72 · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 22, 2018

Answer to Question 1

B
Major surgery involves extensive reconstruction or alteration in body parts; poses great risks to the patient's well-being. Urgent surgery is necessary for the patient's health and will possibly prevent additional problems from developing. Elective surgery is performed on a basis of the patient's choice. It is not always essential, and it is not always necessary for health. Diagnostic surgical exploration allows the physician or health care provider to confirm a diagnosis.

Answer to Question 2

D
Dyspnea is a clinical sign of hypoxia. Dyspnea is the subjective sensation of breathlessness as perceived by the patient. Hypoxia is inadequate tissue oxygenation with a deficiency in oxygen delivery or oxygen utilization at the cellular level. Signs and symptoms of hypoxia include tachycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, dizziness, and mental confusion. Dyspnea that occurs when a patient is sleeping is called paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. The patient awakens in a panic, feels as if he or she is suffocating, and has a strong need to sit up to relieve the breathlessness. Orthopnea is an abnormal condition in which a patient has difficulty breathing when lying down and has to use multiple pillows or sit to breathe. Hemoptysis is bloody sputum. It is associated with coughing and bleeding from the upper respiratory tract, from sinus drainage, or from the gastrointestinal tract.