The school nurse is performing periodic screening on preschool ...

[saliriagwu]

The school nurse is performing periodic screening on preschool children. She is aware that the most common visual problem in childhood is which of the following?
 
  a. Refractive errors
  b. Strabismus
  c. Congenital blindness
  d. Color blindness

Question 2

The nurse is assigned to assist a 59-year-old woman who has suffered a stroke and has limited mobility.
 
  The nurse is performing perineal care and understands that the best way to prevent disease transmission to the perineum is that it should be cleaned: a. from the rectal area to the urinary meatus.
  b. from the urinary meatus to the rectal area.
  c. in a circular motion.
  d. only twice a day.

[tashiedavis420]

Answer to Question 1

A
Periodic screening of all children, especially newborns through preschoolers, should be performed for congenital blindness and visual impairment caused by refractive errors and strabismus. The most common visual problem during childhood is a refractive error such as nearsightedness. The school nurse is usually responsible for vision testing of school-age and adolescent children. Your role as a nurse is one of detection, education, and referral. Parents need to know the signs of visual impairment such as failure to react to light and reduced eye contact from the infant. Instruct parents to report signs of visual impairment to their health care provider.

Answer to Question 2

B
Perineal care involves thorough cleansing of the patient's external genitalia and surrounding skin. Skin folds may contain body secretions that harbor microorganisms. Wiping front to back reduces chance of transmitting fecal organisms to urinary meatus. Cleaning from the rectal area to the urinary meatus or in a circular motion is incorrect because this will cause cross contamination with urine, drainage or feces.