Answer to Question 1
D
Autonomy refers to freedom from external control. A person who values autonomy highly may find it difficult to accept situations where the patient is not the primary decision maker regarding his or her care. A teenager requesting an epidural, a father with an advanced directive, and an elderly patient requiring dialysis all describe a patient or family that can make their own decisions and choices regarding care.
Answer to Question 2
D
To promote comfort in the terminally ill client, the nurse should help the client to identify values or desired tasks and then help the client to conserve energy for those tasks.
Spending more time with the client conveys caring, and allows verbalization, but is not the best way to promote comfort for a fatigued client.
The use of analgesics should not be limited. Controlling the terminally ill client's level of pain is a primary concern in promoting comfort.
Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia may increase the terminally ill client's likelihood of inadequate nutrition. The nurse should serve smaller portions and bland foods, which may be more palatable.
Taking a Patient’s Axillary Temperature
A nurse shows empathy to a client.
The nurse uses a noninvasive bladder ultrasound to measure the client’s bladder volume.
Symptoms of a patient in shock.
Ranges of normal temperature values
Inspecting a patient’s ear during a physical examination.