The nurse is caring for a patient who does not follow the ...

[JGIBBSON]

The nurse is caring for a patient who does not follow the prescribed regimen for diabetes management. As a prescriber to Orem's theory, the nurse interviews the patient in an attempt to identify the cause of the patient's noncompliance.
 
  What is the rationale for the nurse's behavior?
  a. Orem's theory is useful in designing interventions to promote self-care.
  b. Orem's theory focuses on cultural issues that may affect compliance.
  c. Orem's theory allows for reduction of anxiety with communication.
  d. Orem's theory helps nurses manipulate the patient's environment.

Question 2

A nurse is testing meditation for migraine headaches and the expected outcome of care when performing this intervention. Which type of theory is the nurse using?
 
  a. Grand
  b. Prescriptive
  c. Descriptive
  d. Middle-range

[bd5255]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
When applying Orem's theory, a nurse continually assesses a patient's ability to perform self-care and intervenes as needed to ensure that the patients meet physical, psychological, sociological, and developmental needs. According to Orem, people who participate in self-care activities are more likely to improve their health outcomes. Leiniger's culture care theory focuses on culture diversity and provides culturally specific nursing care. According to Peplau, nurses help patients reduce anxiety by converting it into constructive actions, using therapeutic communication. Nightingale's grand theory is a patient's environment can be manipulated by nurses to restore a patient to health.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
A prescriptive theory details nursing interventions (meditation) for a specific phenomenon (migraine headaches) and the expected outcome of the care. Grand theories are broad in scope and complex and require further specification through research; it does not provide guidance for specific nursing interventions. Descriptive theories do not direct specific nursing activities but help to explain patient assessment. A middle-range theory tends to focus on a concept found in a specific field of nursing, such as uncertainty, incontinence, social support, quality of life, and caring, rather than reflect on a wide variety of nursing care situations.

[JGIBBSON]

TYSM

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