As decisions related to health care become increasingly complex, ...

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As decisions related to health care become increasingly complex, nurses need to be familiar with concepts related to advance directives. Which statement regarding advance directives is correct?
 
  A) Hospitals are legally required to inform clients about advance directives.
  B) The status of advance directives remains consistent from state to state.
  C) Advance directives should be developed with the assistance of a physician or nurse.
  D) Nurses can be appointed a surrogate decision maker by the client.

Question 2

The nurse walks into the client's room and finds her sobbing uncontrollably. When the nurse asks what the problem is, the client responds I am so scared.
 
  I have never known anyone who goes into a hospital and comes out alive. On this client's care plan the nurse notes a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective coping related to stress. What is the best outcome you can expect for this client?
 
  A) Client will adapt relaxation techniques to reduce stress.
  B) Client will be stress free.
  C) Client will avoid stressful situations.
  D) Client will start anti-anxiety agent.

[briezy]

Answer to Question 1

Ans: A
The Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 requires all hospitals to inform their clients about advance directives. The status of advance directives varies from state to state. Clients appoint a family member or close friend as a surrogate decision maker, not a nurse or health care professional. Advance directives are developed by the client; nurses and physicians may play a role in providing education related to advance directives, but their role is not essential.

Answer to Question 2

Ans: A
Stress management is directed toward reducing and controlling stress and improving coping. The outcome for this diagnosis is that the client needs to adopt coping mechanisms that are effective for dealing with stress, such as relaxation techniques. The other options are incorrect because it is unrealistic to expect a client to be stress free; avoiding stressful situations and starting an anti-anxiety agent are not the best answers as outcomes for ineffective coping.