Answer to Question 1
ANS: 2
After an IVP the nurse should encourage fluid intake to dilute and flush dye from the client and observe the client for late symptoms of allergy (e.g., rash). There is no increased risk for infection of the urinary bladder from an IVP. This would be more likely with an invasive procedure, such as an endoscopy (cystoscopy). An IVP should not injure tissues of the kidney or cause paralysis of the urinary sphincter.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: 4
A sterile specimen can be obtained through the special port found on the side of the indwelling catheter. The nurse clamps the tubing below the port, allowing fresh, uncontaminated urine to collect in the tube. After the nurse wipes the port with an antimicrobial swab, a sterile syringe needle is inserted, and at least 3 to 5 mL of urine is withdrawn. Using sterile technique, the nurse transfers the urine to a sterile container. The catheter should not be disconnected from the drain-age tubing. The system should remain a closed system to prevent infection. A urinometer is a de-vice used to determine the specific gravity of urine. It is not a sterile device and should not be used for obtaining a sterile urine specimen. Urine should not be obtained from a drainage bag for a specimen, because the urine would not be fresh and would be contaminated from microorgan-isms in the drainage bag.
Nurse-patient interaction; nonveral communication
The nurse needs to note the source of the patient health history
A nurse communicates with her non–English-speaking patient through an interpreter
Comparison of Research Studies Exploring Nurse Caring Behaviors
Removing the sheet from underneath the client.
Building a Client Base