Answer to Question 1
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Suspending judgment means tolerating ambiguity for a time. If an issue is complex, it may not be resolved quickly and judgment should be postponed. In this case, the nurse just doesn't have enough information to give a good answer to the parents. For a while, the nurse will need to say I don't know and be comfortable with that answer.
Rationale 2: Telling the parents to agree with the physician before the nurse knows all the facts might be premature, even if he is the best physician in the area.
Rationale 3: Nurses should not give advice or counsel.
Rationale 4: It would be premature to tell the parents to get another opinion.
Answer to Question 2
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: A fact can be verified through investigation. In this case, facts would be the elevated pulse and blood pressure readings.
Rationale 2: Inferences are conclusions drawn from facts, going beyond facts to make a statement about something that is not currently known. In this case, acute, severe pain will most likely cause the blood pressure as well as pulse rate to be elevated as the body's response to the painful experience.
Rationale Judgment is evaluating facts and information that reflect values or other criteria; it is a type of opinion. Because the nurse understands the pathophysiology of pain, thinking about changes in vital signs is more than a judgmentit is an inference.
Rationale 4: Opinions are beliefs formed over time and include judgments that may fit facts or be in error.
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