Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
On average, a teenager needs about 71/2 hours of sleep per night. Many activities at school, social activities, and jobs can reduce the number of sleep hours, resulting in excessive daytime sleepiness. This can lead to decreased performance at school, vulnerability to accidents, behavior and mood problems, and increased use of alcohol. Discussion regarding adolescent sleep needs should first occur with the adolescent. Although it may be common for this adolescent to want to visit with friends and experience activities that go late into the night, these activities can and do impact the hours of sleep and the physical needs of the adolescent, no matter the reason for the late nights, and they do need to be addressed.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: D
Vivid, full color dreaming occurs during REM sleep. This stage usually begins about 90 minutes after sleep has begun. The eyes move rapidly, and heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure fluctuate; loss of skeletal muscle tone occurs. The patient has an increase in gastric secretions and is difficult to arouse.
A Subject Prepared for a Night’s Sleep in a Sleep Laboratory
The REM Sleep Flip-Flop
The five stages of sleep
Stages of Sleep in Cats: A cat in non-REM sleep remains upright
Sleep and Consolidation in Memory
Stages of sleep