Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
High numbers of minority populations (particularly African American and Hispanic) and immigrants are unable to understand health teaching. Patients of both genders, including those who are well educated and highly literate but have limited health care experience, may struggle with the complexity of health care terminology and procedures. Older adults have particular problems with medical issues when they must assimilate new information or make complex decisions about treatments. Before implementing teaching strategies to support goal attainment, the nurse must explore a patient's disabilities and the effects they may have on achieving specific goals. Successful accommodation of a patient's disabilities should yield attainable goals that lead to positive outcomes.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A
The nurse creates goals with the patient and possibly with the family by discussing the patient's current condition, the condition to which the patient wants to progress, and the actions the patient and nurse undertake to accomplish the goal. The nurse's input into this process is critical to developing reasonable goals and interventions. Without the nurse's guidance during this step, the goals and interventions may be too weak to promote the patient's success or too aggressive for the patient to achieve. The nurse works with the patient to develop a plan of care that is reasonable, is appropriately challenging, and promotes patient success for goal attainment.