Author Question: The nursing instructor teaches the nursing students about the advantages of the newer local ... (Read 253 times)

tuffie · **on:** Jul 23, 2018

The nursing instructor teaches the nursing students about the advantages of the newer local anesthetics, such as lidocaine (Xylocaine). What will the best plan of the nursing instructor include?

1. Amides have fewer side effects than esters.
2. Amides block potassium entry into the cell.
3. Amides are similar in structure to cocaine.
4. Amides tend to last longer than esters.
5. Amides block calcium entry into the cell.

Question 2

The patient has been keeping a headache diary of her migraines. Upon review of this diary, the nurse notes that the headaches are described as mild and have happened four times in the last 3 months.

The patient reports that she generally just lies down until they pass but that her new job will not allow that time. She is requesting information about pain medication. What medications would the nurse expect to be prescribed?
1. Ibuprofen
2. Acetaminophen and caffeine
3. Sumatriptan (Imitrex)
4. Ergotamine (Ergostat)
5. Amitriptyline (Elavil)

stanleka1 · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 23, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 1,4
Rationale: Amides have largely replaced esters because they produce fewer side effects and generally have a longer duration of action. Amides block sodium, not potassium, entry into the cell. Cocaine is a natural ester, not an amide. Amides block sodium, not calcium, entry into the cell.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 1,2
Rationale 1: NSAIDs are often effective for the mild migraines this patient experiences.
Rationale 2: Acetaminophen and caffeine together are used for treatment of mild migraines.
Rationale 3: Sumatriptan is a serotonin receptor agonist and is usually used only for moderate to severe migraines.
Rationale 4: Ergotamine is an ergot alkaloid that is a serotonin receptor agonist. This drug is used only with moderate to severe migraines.
Rationale 5: Amitriptyline is used to prevent migraines, not to reduce pain once they occur.