Answer to Question 1
ANS: A
Spironolactone prolongs survival in patients with HF primarily by blocking receptors for aldosterone. Spironolactone cause only minimal diuresis. Spironolactone does not reduce afterload, and it does not reduce venous pressure enough to prolong survival, because it causes only minimal diuresis.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A
Diuretics help reduce fluid volume overload which, by reducing pulmonary edema, can improve exercise tolerance. Diuretics do not improve cardiac output. ACE inhibitors are used to prevent cardiac remodeling and to improve long-term survival.