Author Question: As the physiology instructor explains to the students, the kidneys regulate calcium levels within a ... (Read 73 times)

Starlight · **on:** Jul 23, 2018

As the physiology instructor explains to the students, the kidneys regulate calcium levels within a very tight range by the activity of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin. Where does the fine-tuning of the calcium level occur?

A) Bowman's capsule
B) The proximal convoluted tubule
C) The distal convoluted tubule
D) The loop of Henle

Question 2

The nurse administers promethazine (Phenergan) to the patient before sending the patient to the preoperative holding area. What is the rationale for administration of this drug?

A) Sedation
B) Oral secretions
C) Hypotension and bradycardia
D) Confusion

vickybb89 · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 23, 2018

Answer to Question 1

C
Feedback:
PTH acts at the distal convoluted tubule to stimulate the reabsorption of calcium to increase serum calcium levels; if it is not present, the calcium is lost. Calcium is filtered at the glomerulus and mostly reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule and the ascending loop of Henle. Bowman's capsule is part of the renal corpuscle that acts as a sieve or a strainer to allow fluid to flow through, but also keeps large particles from entering.

Answer to Question 2

A
Feedback:
Antihistamines (promethazine, diphenhydramine Benadryl) can be very sedating in some people. They are used as preoperative medications and postoperatively to decrease the need for narcotics. Promethazine is not given for hypotension, bradycardia, confusion, or oral secretions.