Answer to Question 1
C
Feedback:
Activation of the stress reaction through the sympathetic nervous system bypasses the usual diurnal rhythm and causes release of ACTH and secretion of the adrenocortical hormonesan important aspect of the stress (fight-or-flight) response. Glucose will eventually be released to supply energy, but first ACTH and adrenocortical hormones must stimulate this response. Aldosterone can be released without ACTH stimulation when the blood surrounding the adrenal gland is high in potassium. This is a direct stimulus for aldosterone release. Oxytocin is released to promote the let-down reflex in the lactating woman and to stimulate uterine contractions but is not involved in the stress response.
Answer to Question 2
A
Feedback:
Sodium, potassium, calcium, carbonate, oxygen, bicarbonate, and water move freely in and out of cells. These substances move through channels or pores in the cell membrane through movement from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Hormones, enzymes, and proteins are considered carriers. If a substance cannot move freely on its own, it may attach itself to another carrier to be diffused.
The nurse assists the patient in reflecting on his feelings
A goniometer is used to measure range of motion of the patient’s arm.
Anatomy of the heart. Remember: It is labeled right and left based on the patient’s perspective.
Vulnerability – Stress Model
National Patient Safety Goals for Acute-Care Hospitals