Critically ill patients on a ventilator are at risk for ...

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Critically ill patients on a ventilator are at risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Sources of VAP include: (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. bacteria in the oral pharynx.
  b. dental plaque.
  c. chlorhexidine rinses.
  d. frequent oral hygiene.

Question 2

MC The sequence for abdominal examination techniques is
 
  A. Palpation, percussion, inspection, auscultation.
  B. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation.
  C. Percussion, auscultation, palpation, inspection.
  D. Auscultation, palpation, percussion, inspection.

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Answer to Question 1

A, B
VAP results from the colonization of bacteria in the oral pharynx. These microorganisms then translocate from the mouth into the lungs. Dental plaque is also a reservoir for microorganisms causing VAP. Because of this, guidelines for oral care in ventilator patients and in those who need assistance with oral hygiene often include the use of a chlorhexidine rinse as part of oral hygiene. Chlorhexidine early in the postintubation period may help delay the onset or development of VAP.

Answer to Question 2

B

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