A pneumothorax can be caused by which of the following? (Select ...

[altibaby]

A pneumothorax can be caused by which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Trauma
  b. Rupture of a blister
  c. Emphysema
  d. Dyspnea

Question 2

The nurse is using Bowlby's phases of mourning as a framework for assessing the client's response to the traumatic loss of her leg. During the yearning and searching phase, the nurse anticipates that the client may respond by:
 
  A. Crying off and on
  B. Becoming angry at the nurse
  C. Acting stunned by the loss
  D. Discussing the change in role that will occur

[Beatricemm]

Answer to Question 1

A, B, C
A variety of mechanisms can cause a pneumothorax. A traumatic pneumothorax develops as a result of penetrating chest trauma, such as a stabbing or a case of the chest striking the steering wheel in an automobile accident. A spontaneous or primary pneumothorax sometimes occurs from the rupture of a small bleb (blister) on the surface of the lung or from an invasive procedure, such as insertion of a subclavian IV line. Secondary pneumothorax occurs because of underlying disease, such as emphysema. A patient with a pneumothorax usually feels pain as atmospheric air irritates the parietal pleura. Dyspnea is a symptom of pneumothorax, not a cause.

Answer to Question 2

A
A. During the yearning and searching phase of Bowlby's phases of mourning, the nurse anticipates that the client may have outbursts of tearful sobbing and acute distress.
B. During Bowlby's disorganization and despair phase of mourning, the nurse anticipates that the client may express anger at anyone who might be responsible, including the nurse.
C. During the numbing phase of Bowlby's phases of mourning, the nurse anticipates that the client may act stunned by the loss.
D. During the reorganization phase of Bowlby's phases of mourning, the nurse anticipates that the client may discuss the change in role that will occur.

[altibaby]

Great answer, keep it coming

[peter]

Excellent