Which of the following statements must be true regarding a p-value of .0001?
a. Since this p-value is so small, the results will have practical as well as statistical significance.
b. The magnitude of the effect found in this study must have been huge.
c. There must have been very little variability in the results of this study.
d. None of the above.
Question 2
Suppose you read the following headline: Taking an aspirin a day can cut your risk of heart attack by almost half Suppose the news report goes on to tell you that the research is based on a very large well-designed randomized experiment with a p-value less than 0.0001 . Assume this information is technically correct, given the results of the study. Which of the following statistics could actually represent the results of this study?
a. The rates of heart attack were 9.4 per thousand for the aspirin group and 17.1 per thousand for the placebo group (non aspirin).
b. 94 people in the aspirin group had a heart attack, compared to 171 people in the non-aspirin group.
c. The risk of a heart attack for the aspirin group was 45 of the risk of a heart attack for the non-aspirin group.
d. Any of the above could have been possible.
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