Author Question: Notions of causality based on the substance or substances necessary for the movement or coming into ... (Read 19 times)

ahriuashd · **on:** Jun 20, 2018

Notions of causality based on the substance or substances necessary for the movement or coming into being of the effect are referred to as __________ causes.

a. formal
b. material
c. final
d. efficient

Question 2

To minimize problems in repeated-measures designs that can result from systematic differences between successive measurements, a researcher should use a method called

a. random assignment.
b. counterbalancing.
c. nesting.
d. expectancy control.