Answer to Question 1
Answer: Viewpoint dependence refers to the different orientations or views we see objects from. Each view can produce a unique image of the object. Dealing with viewpoint dependence within a template matching account, for example, would require a tremendous number of templates corresponding to all of the objects we have seen from all the different orientations we can see them from. This tremendous number of templates would result in a cumbersome matching process. Viewpoint invariance is the opposite of viewpoint dependence and suggests that viewpoint-invariant properties are seen as part of an object regardless of the point of view. The invariant properties of geons, for instance, are useful for determining the general category of an object but are not as well suited for detecting individual differences.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: An occluded object is perceived as a complete object because the portion of the object that is occluded is filled in by the visual system. Relatability is one factor that contributes to this completion process. However, we can sometimes perceive a stimulus inaccurately when we fill in information that is not present in reality.
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