To be called a negative reinforcement, an event must be shown to:
a. increase the probability of any response.
b. decrease the probability of a maladaptive response.
c. increase the probability of a response that produces the removal of a noxious stimulus.
d. decrease the frequency of problem behaviors caused by the introduction of punishment.
Question 2
Which of the following is the best established treatment for phobias?
a. A token economy c. Systematic desensitization
b. Ritalin d. Solution-focused treatments
Mechanism of transport by a transporter, also called a carrier.
Cellular mechanisms that increase protein diversity
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