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Cancer has been around as long as humankind, but only in the second half of the twentieth century did the number of cancer cases explode.
It is believed that the Incas used anesthesia. Evidence supports the theory that shamans chewed cocoa leaves and drilled holes into the heads of patients (letting evil spirits escape), spitting into the wounds they made. The mixture of cocaine, saliva, and resin numbed the site enough to allow hours of drilling.
Pregnant women usually experience a heightened sense of smell beginning late in the first trimester. Some experts call this the body's way of protecting a pregnant woman from foods that are unsafe for the fetus.
Symptoms of kidney problems include a loss of appetite, back pain (which may be sudden and intense), chills, abdominal pain, fluid retention, nausea, the urge to urinate, vomiting, and fever.
The B-complex vitamins and vitamin C are not stored in the body and must be replaced each day.
![Aurora australis observed from the Space Shuttle Discovery, on STS-39, May 1991 (orbital altitude: 2](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_12359_17_05_12_12_49_27.jpeg)
![Two areas of reduced cortical volume and one area of increased cortical volume observed in people ...](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/30/medium_548020_06_06_17_12_41_57_30349185.png)