Suppose that a research group wants to see whether a new educational program has an effect on children's bias against children of the other gender. In this study, the experimental group takes part in an educational program about gender, and the control group takes part in a different educational program. Which of the following factorsif truewould most likely be the confounding variable?
a. All of the children in both conditions are European American.
b. The children in the gender-program condition are about one year older than the children in the control condition.
c. No teacher has ever discussed any gender-related issues with the class.
d. The children all live in the suburbs of Chicago.
Question 2
Suppose that a researcher wants to see which gender is most helpful, men or women. The researcher parks a car with a flat tire on a road and tallies the number of men and women who stop to help. What would be an example of one confounding variable in this study?
a. The men are more likely than women to be familiar with fixing a flat tire.
b. The gender of the participants cannot be accurately determined.
c. The operational definition of helping has not been specified with precision.
d. The results probably depend upon the amount of traffic that passes by.
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