Bergmann's rule states that average body size tends to
A. decrease at high elevations and increase in low ones.
B. increase in cold climates and decrease in hot ones.
C. decrease in cold climates and increase in hot ones.
D. decrease at low elevations and increase in high ones.
E. decrease where the air is thinner and increase where it is thicker.
Question 2
Which of the following statements about human skin color is NOT true?
A. Skin color varies because of differences in ultraviolet radiation between different regions of the world.
B. The amount of melanin in the skin affects the body's production of vitamin D.
C. The amount of melanin in the skin affects the body's ability to process lactose.
D. Light skin is a selective advantage outside the tropics because it admits ultraviolet radiation that causes the body to manufacture vitamin D, helping to prevent rickets and osteoporosis.
E. Light skin is a selective disadvantage in the tropics because it is more susceptible to the destruction of the folate that is needed to produce folic acid, which protects against neural tube defects in human embryos.
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