When we find any discrepancy between the assumed independence of variables in a population and the observed distribution of sample elements, we can explain that discrepancy how?
a. we attribute the discrepancy to the nonprobability sample alone
b. the discrepancy can be the result of poor data collection
c. we attribute the discrepancy to an unrepresentative sample causing us to reject the assumption of independence
d. we attribute the discrepancy to poor sample selection and to poor operational definitions of the main variables
Question 2
Which of the following is not one of the assumptions of making inferences about a larger population when using univariate tests?
a. the sample must be drawn from the population about which the inference is being made
b. there is an assumption of a non-probability sampling technique
c. when using inferential statistics we assume simple random sampling even when that is not possible
d. inferences only apply to sampling error, not other types of error that may be present
Estimating cicada population size and predation rates by birds.
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