Individualistic cultures like the United States and some European ...

[storky111]

Individualistic cultures like the United States and some European countries tend to be so internal that their people are vulnerable to
 
  a. giving up control over situations.
  b. an illusion of control.
  c. controlling others who dont share their beliefs.
  d. seeing no need for human rights laws.

Question 2

Discuss the concept of optimally challenging as presented in the textbook.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[mcomstock09]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: b: an illusion of control.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: The need for competence is fostered when an individual gains the impression that she or he is a capable individual who can meet challenges and overcome them. In a coaching situation, for example, giving an athlete tasks that are too easy will actually give them the opposite impression, that they are so incompetent that they cant handle a challenge. In addition, they will not progress in their sport. On the other hand, if they are given tasks that are too difficult, they will experience a string of failures and the message of incompetence will also be reinforced. What is required is engagement in tasks that have a clear set of goals, that require effort to achieve, and in which clear and immediate feedback is given.